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The Influence of Western Thinkers on Sun Yat-Sen, His Political Philosophy and Practice
Mališ, Jan ; Halamka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
The aim of this paper is to highlight the influences of major Western thinkers on Sun Yat-sen, which authors have had how much of an influence, and how different influences from different authors interact. The thesis begins immediately after the introduction, with a brief summary of Sun Yat-sen's life, emphasizing the possible influences from any angle. The work then moves on to the main part, which are the influences themselves, divided into two parts. The first are the broader influences, that is, the influences of authors, stimuli, or environments that did not have as much of an influence as the four main authors, but are still worthy of a subsection in the thesis alone. These chapters analyze Mill, Rousseau, Lincoln, and then the influence of Japan and British-influenced territories. The second part then deals with the main authors, which are Montesquieu,George, Kropotkin and Marx. The thesis then concludes with a summary of the main findings, a short recapitulation of the thesis and overall concluding thoughts on the thesis.
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Revolution as a theoretical problem
Opl, Jakub ; Kučera, Jan (advisor) ; Novák, Miroslav (referee)
The bachelor thesis analyzes the topic of revolutions, primarily its theoretical use. In introduction, there is explained for which events the word revolution is ordinarily used and in what sense the author of this work uses the term. In first chapter thesis outlines the emergence of the word revolution in ancient times and also understanding of the word by contemporaries. There is also analysis of the shift in using of the word revolution as the result of American and French revolutions. Second chapter aims on first theorists of revolutions in 19th century with focus on Karl Marx, Alexis De Tocqueville and Vladimir Iljič Lenin. In third chapter author summarizes the development of the study of revolutions between world wars and in fourth, there is analysis of the study of causes of revolutions after World War II. In that time revolutions were in the centre of attention of researchers in the field of social sciences. Fifth chapter deals with European revolutionary process as set forth by Martin Malia. In conclusions, author reflects on the causes of revolutions and if there is one general model including all events ordinarily called revolutions and what is the meaning of the study of revolutions for present.
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Michel Foucault: The Term "Economy" in the Work The Order of Things
Mareš, Richard ; Marcelli, Miroslav (advisor) ; Švantner, Martin (referee)
The thesis interprets the development of Foucault's thinking and within The Order of Things it subjects the whole concept of economy to critical reflection and defines the structure and dynamics on which the term is built. My work progresses from the abstract issue of Foucault's thinking to specific theories related to the topic. The first part is focused on the key changes and breaks across the author's thinking and work and forms the basis for a comparison of The Order of Things with a broader view of Foucault's thinking. Then I follow with economic theory basis in The Order of Things and define terms such as monetary theory, value theory, wealth analysis and other that are directly connected with economic issues. I focus on authors of economic theories who have influenced Foucault's thinking or are differently connected with my explication, e.g. Adam Smith, David Ricardo or Karl Marx. In the final part of the thesis I compare Foucault's thoughts and conclusions with the philosophy of Louis Althusser in his book Reading Capital which is based on Karl Marx's theories. The focus is mainly on the interpretation of modern episteme which is in The Order of Things directly related to the term of economy. I introduce common and different attributes of Althusser's and Foucault's thinking and present my...
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Prolegomena to the notion of self-realization: Updating the idea of the abolition of labor following Hegelian and Marxian philosophy
Herden, Paul ; Sepp, Hans Rainer (advisor) ; Ronge, Bastian (referee)
This thesis forms, in the first instance, a critical examination of labor in relation to the notion of self-realization following Hegelian and Marxian philosophy and their theories of action. In the second instance, it is a preliminary study of the concept of fomo (fear of missing out), which will be explored in more detail in the PhD based on the MA. In the first section, a critique of Andreas Reckwitz's and Hartmut Rosa's notions of self-realization is used to present the common view and contemporary engagements with said notion as relevant but insufficient. Both authors act as a proxy for a deficiency that turns out to be an all too great distance from metaphysical and historical-materialist positions and considerations regarding such notion as that of self-realization. Thus, in the main part, not only an attempt is made, by means of a renaissance of Hegelian and Marxian reflections on the concept of self-realization, to plausibilize and remedy this deficiency; moreover, by virtue of a detailed exegesis of their theories of action and examination of their categories, it is pointed out, above all, that Hegelian and Marxian philosophy intends the complete abolition of self-preservation (d. i. alienated and natural labor) and elevation into self-realization, even if both thinkers use the...
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Anthropocentric Turn of Late Capitalism
Holodňák, Radek ; Chavalka, Jakub (advisor) ; Kužel, Petr (referee)
Anthropocentric Turn of Late Capitalism Abstract Bc. Radek Holodňák This paper constitutes the first step towards a complex description of the transformation of production relationships under late capitalism while paying special attention to the theme of human emancipation. The author sets as his goal to study how corporations unknowingly apply Marx's concept of the 'species being', a being which constitutes itself in the process of work, with the aim of keeping capitalist production efficient and up to date with current demand. To accomplish this, explanations of the concepts 'alienated labour' and 'species being' are presented, drawing mainly from Marx's Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts in the context of the evolution of human organizations as described by Frederic Laloux in Reinventing Organizations. The first chapter introduces theses concerning the tendency of capitalism to overcome and outlive itself due to the realization of the inner antinomies. One of the manifestations of this phenomenon is the so-called anthropocentric turn in which the centre of interest of late-capitalist production is shifted from material goods to man. This anthropocentric turn, enabled by unique material conditions, introduces fundamental changes to the production process, work organization, and workplace relationships...
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Michel Foucault: The Term "Economy" in the Work The Order of Things
Mareš, Richard ; Marcelli, Miroslav (advisor) ; Švantner, Martin (referee)
The thesis interprets the development of Foucault's thinking and within The Order of Things it subjects the whole concept of economy to critical reflection and defines the structure and dynamics on which the term is built. My work progresses from the abstract issue of Foucault's thinking to specific theories related to the topic. The first part is focused on the key changes and breaks across the author's thinking and work and forms the basis for a comparison of The Order of Things with a broader view of Foucault's thinking. Then I follow with economic theory basis in The Order of Things and define terms such as monetary theory, value theory, wealth analysis and other that are directly connected with economic issues. I focus on authors of economic theories who have influenced Foucault's thinking or are differently connected with my explication, e.g. Adam Smith, David Ricardo or Karl Marx. In the final part of the thesis I compare Foucault's thoughts and conclusions with the philosophy of Louis Althusser in his book Reading Capital which is based on Karl Marx's theories. The focus is mainly on the interpretation of modern episteme which is in The Order of Things directly related to the term of economy. I introduce common and different attributes of Althusser's and Foucault's thinking and present my...
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Class, Disparity and Conflict: in the history of socio-historical thinking and present
Kubová, Karolína ; Šubrt, Jiří (advisor) ; Šafr, Jiří (referee)
This thesis is a theoretical-historical attribute and focuses on the theory of classes and class conflict, on the genesis of the concept of class. The thesis will analyze the authors and directions-schools that have had an impact on the ideological founder of the concept Karl Marx and also how they developed their thinking. Marx nor any other author of the term "class, classes, class" never clearly defined. It is a historical and sociological perspective on the concept of "class", which is often defined differently, and still there is any clear definition, which would approve whole academic community. In modern societies, the term "class" is not used so often and has been replaced by the concept of social stratification. In recent years, the "classes" being discussed by worldwide experts, but the solution is still not found. Nevertheless, this work is optimistic and the author clearly advocates that the term "class" will not vanish from professional sociological discourse.
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